中考英语阅读理解专项训练-风俗与文化 时间：8～10 分钟/篇 分值：2 分/小题 Passage 1 China is a large country. The population is over 1.3 billion. It has a special culture with a very long history. Chinese food plays an important role for Chinese families. Different foods have special meanings. The main difference is that Chinese people eat their meals with chopsticks. One of the main foods in Chinese culture is rice. Tea is a favorite drink and it is popular in the market. Chinese calendar is different from the one used in western countries. New Year"s Day is in late winter. It is also called the Spring Festival. It has a big celebration of ringing out the old and ringing in the new. It has special foods and traditions. For example, sweeping the floor before New Year"s Day sweeps away all the old year"s bad luck. The Chinese zodiac(生肖), known as Sheng Xiao, follows a twelveyear cycle. Each year is named for an animal. These animal signs are the rat, ox,
tiger, rabbit, dragon, snake, horse, sheep, monkey, rooster, dog and pig. For example, the year that begins in 2016 is the year of the monkey. Chinese is a complex(复杂的)language. Chinese writing developed almost 4，000 years ago and may even be older. Chinese writing has thousands of characters. A character stands for a word and also a meaning. Besides Putonghua, Chinese people speak six other forms of the language, and there are many kinds of dialects． ( )1. What"s the population of China? A. Almost 4，000. B. More than 1.3 billion. C. 12 million. ( )2. The underlined “dialects” probably means “________” in Chinese. A. 交际 B. 对话 C. 方言 ( )3. According to the passage, what"s one of the main foods in China? A. Tea. B. Rice. C. Meat. ( )4. The year that begins in 2016 isn"t the year of the monkey, is it?
A. Yes, it is. B. No, it isn"t. C. I don"t know. ( )5. What"s the main idea of the passage? A. Different foods have special meanings in Chinese culture. B. Chinese is a popular language. C. Chinese culture. Passage 2 Are you an eatinglover? Do you want to eat every delicious food in the world? Then do you watch the popular program A Bite of China? It"s a TV program on Chinese delicious food which has been produced by CCTV. Is there any holiday that isn"t celebrated with special festival food? Here are several traditional Chinese foods：
Noodles are a symbol of long life in Chinese culture. They are as much a part of Chinese birthday celebration as a birthday cake with its candles lit in many western countries. Since noodles mean long life, it is considered very unlucky to cut it off. Although westerners sometimes may be very sorry to see fish lying on the plate, in China a whole fish is a symbol of richness. In fact, at a party it is a tradition to serve the whole fish last, pointed towards the most valued guest. Fish also has a special meaning because the Chinese word
for fish, yu, sounds like the word for richness or plenty, and it is believed that eating fish will help your wishes come true in the year to come. A very popular dish during the Dragon Boat Festival is Zongzi. This tasty dish is made of rice dumplings with meat, peanuts or other delicious food in bamboo leaves. The tradition of Zongzi is meant to remind us of a great man, Qu Yuan in Chinese history. ( )1. A Bite of China is ________． A. a magazine B. a newspaper C. a film D. a TV program ( )2. According to the passage, in traditional Chinese culture, people will eat ________ on their birthdays. A. eggs B. noodles C. fish D. cakes ( )3. Fish has a special meaning in Chinese culture mainly because ________． A. it is served last at a party B. it is pointed to the valued guest C. it sounds like the word yu in Chinese D. it is so delicious that all Chinese people like it
( )4. ________ in the Dragon Boat Festival make(s) us think of Qu Yuan. A. Zongzi B. Meat C. Peanuts D. Dumplings ( )5. The article mainly talks about ________． A. Chinese food B. Chinese history C. Chinese festivals D. Chinese language Passage 3 In the eyes of many foreigners, Chinese are the best hosts(主人)and the worst guests in the world. They"re not really bad guests, but because the guesthost relationship in China is much different than in some western countries, it appears they are not nice guests. And western hosts sometimes look rude(粗鲁的)in the eyes of Chinese guests. In China, guests are almost like gods. Whenever I enter a Chinese person"s home, there is always fruit on the table for me, and someone is quick to bring me a cup of tea or water. In the west, generally the guest is not a god. Acting according to the host"s way of doing things is usual behavior for a guest. My wife"s mother, a very kind elderly Chinese lady, doesn"t smoke. When I see some of her guests smoking in her house, as a nonsmoker, I feel unhappy. Usually I want to stop them directly, but I must realize that in
China, to be a good host, she must not do that. In most North American homes, if you are a guest, and the hosts are not smokers, you should not smoke in their house. At the very least, you could ask, “Is it OK if I smoke？” But, don"t be surprised if they say, “No, you can"t smoke.” In our culture, if you smoke in their home, you are a bad guest, but if they do not allow you to smoke in their house, they are not a rude host. Guests in China also have special habits. Some western people may not adapt_to these habits very soon. Thankfully my wife is Chinese, so whenever we visit a Chinese family she tells me to buy them a gift. However, giving a gift to a host is not always necessary in my country. So, if you invite international guests to your house, don"t be too surprised if they don"t bring you a gift. In China, you probably won"t need to change the guesthost relationship very much because you will probably only be the host, and Chinese are naturally very good hosts. If western hosts invite you to their house, try not to be too surprised if their style of treating you is not what you have expected. ( )1. Many foreigners think that Chinese hosts are the________ in the world. A. best
B. worst C. most natural D. most different ( )2. When a western guest visits a Chinese family, he often________． A. buys some fruit B. feels like a god C. wants some gifts D. takes a cup of tea ( )3. If the writer"s guests want to smoke in his house, what will he probably say? A. It"s OK if you smoke here. B. Let"s smoke together. C. Sorry, you can"t smoke here. D. Smoking is a bad habit. ( )4. What is the meaning of the underlined phrase “adapt to” in the passage? A. think back to B. get used to
C. look forward to D. keep close to ( )5. What is the main idea of this passage? A. Foreigners should learn from Chinese. B. Hosts must do things in the guests" way. C. Western hosts are always nice to guests. D. People should understand cultural differences. 答案：
Passage 6【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了三种电能的特点和生产方法：化石燃料，潮汐能，核能。
1—4ADCB 赠：拗口 DONNY: 吴琼，What"s up? WQ: 我表姐要生宝宝了，发动全家给孩子起名儿呢，这不，我翻翻字典，找点灵感。
DONNY: Interesting! 我也来出主意! WQ: 孩子姓唐，你说叫什么好？ DONNY: 唐？嗯...唐 - 老 - 鸭。
WQ: 啊？!
DONNY: Haha! I"m sorry, Wu Qiong. I know this is a terrible name, but when you mentioned the word "唐”， the name rolled right off my tongue. WQ: Rolled right off your tongue? 从舌头上滚下来？我明白了，就是顺口，脱口而出。你一听到“唐”字，顺口就说出了唐老鸭。
那...如果不顺口，也就是拗口，该怎么说呢？ DONNY: You can say it"s a tongue twister. Tongue is spelled t-o-n-g-u-e, and twister, t-w-i-s-t-e-r. WQ: 哦，tongue twister， 就是说起来拗口的东西! This name is a tongue twister 这个名字真难念。
DONNY: 没 错 ! Wu Qiong, you know the luxury car brand "Mercedes-Benz", do you? WQ: Mercedes-Benz? 就是奔驰嘛! DONNY: Right. The Chinese translation 奔驰 rolls right off the tongue. However, if we call the brand 梅赛德斯•本兹， to me , that"s a tongue twister! It"s like I"m tripping over my own tongue when I try to say it. WQ: Trip over your own tongue? 我知道 t-r-i-p, trip 是摔倒的意思，所以 trip over one"s own tongue 就是打磕巴，吃螺丝吧？ DONNY: Absolutely! WQ: DONNY, We need to find a good name for this baby. We don"t want people to trip over their own tongues when they say the baby"s name! DONNY: Of course, but first let"s see what you"ve learned today!
WQ: 第一，顺口叫 to roll right off the tongue；第二，拗口的东西则是 a tongue twister；第三，打磕巴，吃螺丝，叫 to trip over one"s own tongue。