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《分析化学》中常见词汇中英对照

时间:2022-07-20 13:35:02 来源:网友投稿

 《分析化学》中常见词汇的中英对照

 第一章绪论

 分析化学:analytical chemistry 定性分析:qualitative analysis 定量分析:quantitative analysis 物理分析:physical analysis

 物理化学分析:physico-chemical analysis 仪器分析法:instrumental analysis 流动注射分析法:flow injection analysis;FIA

 顺序注射分析法:sequentical injection analysis;SIA 化学计量学:chemometrics

 第二章误差的分析数据处理

 绝对误差:absolute error 相对误差:relative error 系统误差:systematic error 可定误差:determinate error

 随机误差:accidental error 不可定误差:indeterminate error 准确度:accuracy 精确度:precision

 偏差:debiation,d 平均偏差:average debiation 相对平均偏差:relative average debiation

 标准偏差(标准差):standerd deviation;S 相对平均偏差:relatibe standard deviation;RSD

 变异系数:coefficient of variation 误差传递:propagation of error

 有效数字:significant figure 置信水平:confidence level

 显著性水平:level of significance 合并标准偏差(组合标准差):pooled standard debiation

 舍弃商:rejection quotient;Q

 化学定量分析

 第三章滴定分析概论

 滴定分析法:titrametric analysis 滴定:titration 容量分析法:volumetric analysis

 化学计量点:stoichiometric point 等当点:equivalent point 电荷平衡:charge balance

 电荷平衡式:charge balance equation 质量平衡:mass balance

 物料平衡:material balance 质量平衡式:mass balance equation

 第四章酸碱滴定法

 酸碱滴定法:acid-base titrations 质子自递反应:autoprotolysis reaction 质子自递常数:autoprotolysis constant

 质子条件式:proton balance equation 酸碱指示剂:acid-base indicator 指示剂常数:indicator constant

 变色范围:colour change interval 混合指示剂:mixed indicator 双指示剂滴定法:double indicator titration

 第五章非水滴定法

 非水滴定法:nonaqueous titrations 质子溶剂:protonic solvent 酸性溶剂:acid solvent

 碱性溶剂:basic solvent 两性溶剂:amphototeric solvent 无质子溶剂:aprotic solvent

 均化效应:differentiating effect 区分性溶剂:differentiating solvent 离子化:ionization

 离解:dissociation 结晶紫:crystal violet 萘酚苯甲醇:α-naphthalphenol benzyl alcohol

 奎哪啶红:quinadinered 百里酚蓝:thymol blue 偶氮紫:azo violet

 溴酚蓝:bromophenol blue

 第六章配位滴定法

 配位滴定法:compleximetry 乙二胺四乙酸:ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid,EDTA

 螯合物:chelate compound 金属指示剂:metal lochrome indcato r

 第七章氧化还原滴定法

 氧化还原滴定法:oxidation-reduction titration

 碘量法:iodimetry 溴量法:bromimetry]溴量法:bromine method 铈量法:cerimetry

 高锰酸钾法:potassium permanganate method 条件电位:conditional potential 溴酸钾法:potassium bromate method

 硫酸铈法:cerium sulphate method 偏高碘酸:metaperiodic acid 高碘酸盐:periodate

 亚硝酸钠法:sodium nitrite method 重氮化反应:diazotization reaction

 重氮化滴定法:diazotization titration 亚硝基化反应:nitrozation reaction

 亚硝基化滴定法:nitrozation titration 外指示剂:external indicator

 外指示剂:outside indicator 重铬酸钾法:potassium dichromate method

 第八章沉淀滴定法

 沉淀滴定法:precipitation titration 容量滴定法:volumetric precipitation method 银量法:argentometric method

 第九章重量分析法

 重量分析法:gravimetric analysis 挥发法:volatilization method

 引湿水(湿存水):water of hydroscopicity 包埋(藏)水:occluded water

 吸入水:water of imbibition 结晶水:water of crystallization

 组成水:water of composition 液-液萃取法:liquid-liquid extration

 溶剂萃取法:solvent extration 反萃取:counter extraction

 分配系数:partition coefficient 分配比:distribution ratio

 离子对(离子缔合物):ion pair 沉淀形式:precipitation forms

 称量形式:weighing forms

 《分析化学》下册

 仪器分析概述

 物理分析:physical analysis 物理化学分析:physicochemical analysis 仪器分析:instrumental analysis

 第十章电位法及永停滴定法

 电化学分析:electrochemical analysis 电解法:electrolytic analysis method 电重量法:electtogravimetry

 库仑法:coulometry 库仑滴定法:coulometric titration 电导法:conductometry

 电导分析法:conductometric analysis 电导滴定法:conductometric titration 电位法:potentiometry

 直接电位法:dirext potentiometry 电位滴定法:potentiometric titration 伏安法:voltammetry

 极谱法:polarography 溶出法:stripping method

 电流滴定法:amperometric titration 化学双电层:chemical double layer

 相界电位:phase boundary potential 金属电极电位:electrode potential

 化学电池:chemical cell 液接界面:liquid junction boundary

 原电池:galvanic cell

 电解池:electrolytic cell 银-氯化银电极:silver silver-chloride electrode

 液接界面:liquid junction boun 不对称电位:asymmetry potential

 表观 PH 值:apparent PH 复合 PH 电极:combination PH electrode

 离子选择电极:ion selective electrode 敏感器:sensor

 晶体电极:crystalline electrodes 均相膜电极:homogeneous membrance electrodes

 非均相膜电极:heterog eneous membrance electrodes

 非晶体电极:non-crystalline electrodes 刚性基质电极:rigid matrix electr ode

 负极:cathrode 正极:anode 电池电动势:eletromotive force

 指示电极:indicator electrode 参比电极:reference electroade

 标准氢电极:standard hydrogen electrode 一级参比电极:primary reference electrode

 饱和甘汞电极:standard calomel electrode 银-氯化银电极:silver silver-chloride electrode

 液接界面:liquid junction boundary 不对称电位:asymmetry potential

 表观 PH 值:apparent PH 复合 PH 电极:combination PH electrode

 离子选择电极:ion selective electrode 敏感器:sensor 晶体电极:crystalline electrodes

 均相膜电极:homogeneous membrance electrodes 非均相膜电极:heterog eneous membrance electrodes

 非晶体电极:non-crystalline electrodes 刚性基质电极:rigid matrix electrode

 流流体载动电极:electrode with amobile carrier 气敏电极:gas sensing electrodes

 酶电极:enzyme electrodes 金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管:MOSFET 离子选择场效应管:ISFET

 总离子强度调节缓冲剂:total ion strength adjustment buffer,TISAB永停滴定法:dead-stop titration

 双电流滴定法(双安培滴定法):double amperometric titration

 第十一章光谱分析法概论

 普朗克常数:Plank constant 电磁波谱:electromagnetic spectrum 光谱:spectrum

 光谱分析法:spectroscopic analysis 原子发射光谱法:atomic emission spectroscopy

 质量谱:mass spectrum 质谱法:mass spectroscopy,MS

 第十二章紫外-可见分光光度法

 紫外-可见分光光度法:ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometry;UV-vis

 肩峰:shoulder peak 末端吸收:end absorbtion

 生色团:chromophor 助色团:auxochrome 红移:red shift 长移:bathochromic shift 短移:hypsochromic shift

 蓝(紫)移:blue shift 增色效应(浓色效应):hyperchromic effect 减色效应(淡色效应):hypochromic effect

 强带:strong band 弱带:weak band 吸收带:absorption band 透光率:transmitance,T 吸光度:absorbance

 谱带宽度:band width 杂散光:stray light 噪声:noise 暗噪声:dark noise 散粒噪声:signal shot nois 闪耀光栅:blazed grating 全息光栅:holographic graaing 光二极管阵列检测器:photodiode array detector

 偏最小二乘法:partial least squares method,PLS 褶合光谱法:convolution spectrometry 褶合变换:convolution transform,CT

 离散小波变换:wavelet transform,WT 多尺度细化分析:multiscale analysis 供电子取代基:electron donating group

 吸电子取代基:electron with-drawing group

 第十三章荧光分析法

 荧光:fluorescence 荧光分析法:fluorometry X-射线荧光分析法:X-ray fulorometry

 原子荧光分析法:atomic fluorometry 分子荧光分析法:molecular fluorometry 振动弛豫:vibrational relexation

 内转换:internal conversion 外转换:external conversion 体系间跨越:intersystem crossing

 激发光谱:excitation spectrum 荧光光谱:fluorescence spectrum 斯托克斯位移:Stokes shift

 荧光寿命:fluorescence life time 荧光效率:fluorescence efficiency 荧光量子产率:fluorescence quantum yield

 荧光熄灭法:fluorescence quemching method 散射光:scattering light

 瑞利光:Reyleith scanttering light 拉曼光:Raman scattering light

 第十四章红外分光光度法

 红外线:infrared ray,IR 中红外吸收光谱:mid-infrared absorption spectrum,Mid-IR

 远红外光谱:Far-IR 微波谱:microwave spectrum,MV 红外吸收光谱法:infrared spectroscopy

 红外分光光度法:infrared spectrophotometry 振动形式:mode of vibration

 伸缩振动:stretching vibration 对称伸缩振动:symmetrical stretching vibration

 不对称伸缩振动:asymmetrical stretching vibration 弯曲振动:bending vibration

 变形振动:formation vibration 面内弯曲振动:in-plane bending vibration,β 剪式振动:scissoring vibration,δ

 面内摇摆振动:rocking vibration,ρ 面外弯曲振动:out-of-plane bending vibration,γ

 面外摇摆振动:wagging vibration,ω 蜷曲振动:twisting vibration,τ

 对称变形振动:symmetrical deformation vibration,δs 不对称变形振动:asymmetrical deformation vibration,δas

 特征吸收峰:charateristic avsorption band 特征频率:characteristic frequency

 相关吸收峰:correlation absorption band

 杂化影响:hybridization affect 环大小效应:ring size effect

 吸收峰的强度:intensity of absorption band 环折叠振动:ring prckering vibration

 第十五章原子吸收分光光度法

 原子光谱法:atomic spectroscopy 原子吸收分光光度法:atomic absorption spectrophotometry,AAS

 原子发射分光光度法:atomic emmsion spectrophotometry,AES

 原子荧光分光光度法:atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry,AFS

 第十六章核磁共振波谱法

 核磁共振:nuclear magnetic resonance,NMR 核磁共振波谱:NMR spectrum

 核磁共振波谱法:NMR spectroscopy 扫场:swept field

 扫频:seept frequency 连续波核磁共振:continuous wave NMR,CW NMR Fourier 变换 NMR:PFT-NMR,FT-NMR

 二维核磁共振谱:2D-NMR 质子核磁共振谱:proton magnetic resonance spectrum,PMR

 氢谱:1H-NMR 碳-13 核磁共振谱:13C-NMR spectrum,13CNMR

 自旋角动量:spin angular momentum 磁旋比:magnetogyric ratio

 磁量子数:magnetic quantum number,m 进动:precession

 弛豫历程:relaxation mechanism 局部抗磁屏蔽:local diamagnetic shielding

 屏蔽常数:shielding constant

 化学位移:chemical shift 国际纯粹与应用化学协会:IUPAC

 磁各向异性:magnetic anisotropy 远程屏蔽效应:long range shielding effect

 结面:nodal plane 自旋-自旋偶合:spin-spin coupling

 自旋-自旋分裂:spin=spin splitting 单峰:singlet,s

 双峰:doublet,d 三重峰:triplet,t 四重峰:quartet 五重峰:quintet六重峰:sextet

 偕偶:geminal coupling 邻偶:vicinal coupling

 远程偶合:long range coupling 磁等价:magnetic eqivalence

 自旋系统:spin system 一级光谱:first order spectrum 二级光谱(二级图谱):second order spectrum C-H 光谱:C-H correlated spectroscopy,C-H COSY

 第十七章质谱法

 质谱分析法:mass spectrometry 质谱:mass spectrum,MS 棒图:bar graph

 选择离子检测:selected ion monitoring,SIM 直接进样:direct probe inlet,DPI 接口:interface

 气相色谱-质谱联用:gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS

 高效液相色谱-质谱联用:high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,HPLC-MS

 电子轰击离子源:electron impact source,EI 离子峰:quasi-molecular ions 化学离子源:chemical ionization source,CI

 场电离:field ionization,FI 场解析:field desorptiion,FD 快速原子轰击离子源:fast stom bombardment,FAB

 质量分析器:mass analyzer 磁质谱仪:magnetic-sector mass spectrometer

 四极杆质谱仪(四极质谱仪):quadrupole mass spectrometer 原子质量单位:amu

 离子丰度:ion abundance 相对丰度(相对强度):relative avundance

 基峰:base peak 质量范围:mass range 分辨率:resolution

 灵敏度:sensitivity 信噪比:S/N 分子离子:molecular ion

 碎片离子:fragment ion 同位素离子:isotopic ion 亚稳离子:metastable ion

 亚稳峰:metastable peak 母离子:paren ion 子离子:daughter

 含奇数个电子的离子:odd electron 含偶数个电子的离子:even eletron,EE

 均裂:hom olytic cleavage 异裂(非均裂):heterolytic cleavage

 半均裂:hemi-homolysis cleavage 重排:rearragement 分子量:MW

 α-裂解:α-cleavage

 第十八章色谱分析法概论

 色谱法(层析法):chromatography 固定相:stationary phase 流动相:mobile phase

 超临界流体色谱法:SFC 高效毛细管电泳法:high performance capillary electroporesis,HPEC

 气相色谱法:gas chromatography,GC 液相色谱法:liquid cromatography,LC

 超临界流体色谱法:supercritical fluid chromatography,SFC

 气-固色谱法:GSC 气-液色谱法:GLC 液-固色谱法:LSC

 液-液色谱法:LLC 柱色谱法:column chromatography

 填充柱:packed column 毛细管柱:capillary column

 微填充柱:icrobore packed column 高效液相色谱法:high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC

 平板色谱法:planar 平板色谱法:plane chromatography

 纸色谱法:paper chromatography 薄层色谱法:thin layer chromatography,TLC

 薄膜色谱法;thiin film chomatography 毛细管电泳法:capillary electrophoresis,CE

 分配色谱法:partition chromatography 吸附色谱法:adsorpion chromaography

 离子交换色谱法:ion exchange chromatography,IEC 空间排阻色谱法:steric exclusion chromatography,SEC

 亲和色谱法:affinity chromatography 分配系数:distribution cofficient

 狭义分配系数:partition coefficient 凝胶色谱法:gel chromatography

 凝胶渗透色谱法:gel permeation chromatography,GPC 凝胶过滤色谱法:gel filtration chromatography,GFC

 渗透系数:permeation coefficien;Kp 化学键合相色谱法:chemically bonded-phase chromatography

 分配系数:distribution coefficient 靛菁绿:indocyanine

 气相色谱-傅立叶变换红外光谱:GC-FTIR

 第十九章经典液相色谱法

 薄层色谱法:TLC 吸附:adsorption 活化:activation

 脱活性:deactivation 交联度:degree of cross linking 交换容量:exchange capacity

 薄层板:thin layer plate 展开剂:developing solvent,developer 临界胶束浓度:criticak micolle concentration,CMC

 相对比移值:relative Rf,Rr 分离度:resolution,R 分离数:separation number,SN

 煅石膏:Gypsum 羧甲基纤维素钠:CMC-Na 吸收光谱联用:TLC-UV

 薄层色谱-荧光联用:TLC-F 薄层色谱-红外吸收光谱联用:TLC-IR 薄层色谱法:TLC-MS

 纸色谱法:paper chromatography 上行展开:ascending development 下行法展开:descending development

 双向展开:two dimensional develoooment

 第二十章气相色谱法

 气相色谱法:gas chromatography 前延峰:leading peak 拖尾峰:tailing peak

 对称因子:symmetry factor,fs 保留时间:retention time 保留体积:retention volume

 死时间:dead time 调整保留时间:asjusted retention time 半峰宽:peak width at half height,W1/2 or Y1/2

 峰宽:peak width,W

 等温线:isotherm 理论塔板高度:height equivalent to atheoretical plate

 化学键合相:chemically bonded phase 丁二酸二乙二醇聚酯:polydiethylene glycol succinate,PDEGS,DEGS

 高分子多孔微球:GDX 苯乙烯:STY 乙基乙烯苯:EST

 二乙烯苯:DVB

 涂壁毛细管柱:wall coated open tubular column,WCOT 载体涂层毛细管柱:supprot coated open tubular column,SCOT

 热导检测器:thermal conductivity detector,TCD 氢焰离子化检测器:hydrogen flame ionization detector,FID

 电子捕获检测器:electron capture detector,ECD 噪声:noise,N

 漂移:drift,d 灵敏度:sensitivity

 检测限(敏感度):detectability,D,M 分离度:resolution

 归一化法:normalization method 外标法:external standardization

 第二十一章高效液相色谱法

 高效液相色谱法:high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC 高速液相色谱法:high speed LC,HSLC

 高压液相色谱法:high pressure LC,HPLC 高分辨液相色谱法:high resolution LC,HRLC

 液固吸附色谱法(液固色谱法):liquid-solid adsorption chromatography,LSC

 液液色谱法:liquid-liquid chromatography,LLC 正相:normal phase,NP

 反相:reversed phase,RP 化学键合相色谱法:bonded phase chromatography,BPC

 十八烷基:octadecylselyl,ODS 离子对色谱法:paired ion chromatography,PIC

 反相离子对色谱法:RPIC 离子抑制色谱法:ion suppression chromatography,ISC

 离子色谱法:ion chromatography,IC 手性色谱法:chiral chromatography,CC

 环糊精色谱法:cyclodextrin chromatography,CDC 胶束色谱法:micellar chromatography,MC

 亲和色谱法:affinity chromatography,AC 固定相:station ary phase

 化学键合相:chemically bonde phase 封尾、封顶、遮盖:end capping

 手性固定相:chiral stationary phase,CSP 恒组成溶剂洗脱:isocraic elution

 梯度洗脱:gradient elution 紫外检测器:ultraviolet detector,UVD

 荧光检测器:fluorophotomeric detector,FD 电化学检测器:ECD

 示差折光检测器:RID 光电二极管检测器:photodiode array detector,DAD 三维光谱-波谱图:3D-spectrochromatogram 蒸发光散射检测器:evaporative light scattering detector,ELSD

 安培检测器:ampere detector,AD

 高效毛细管电泳法:high performance capillary electrophoresis,HPCE

 淌度:mobility 电泳:electrophoresis

 电渗:electroosmosis 动力进样:hydrodynamic injection

 电动进样:electrokinetic injection 毛细管区带电泳法:capillary zone electrophoresis,CZE

 胶束电动毛细管色谱:micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography,MECC

 毛细管凝胶电泳:capillary gel electrophoresis,CGE 筛分:sieving

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